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  • Siyini Isikhwama Somhlalaphansi?
  • Umlando Wezikhwama Zempesheni
  • Sisebenza Kanjani Isikhwama Somhlalaphansi?
  • Izinhlobo Zezikhwama Zomhlalaphansi
  • Izinzuzo Zezikhwama Zomhlalaphansi
  • Isiphetho

Siyini Isikhwama Somhlalaphansi?

Isikhwama sempesheni wuhlelo lomhlalaphansi oluvumela abasebenzi ukuthi bathole izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi ekupheleni komsebenzi wabo. Izikhwama zempesheni zivame ukuphathwa yizinhlangano zikahulumeni noma izinkampani ezizimele futhi zixhaswa ngeminikelo evela kubasebenzi nabaqashi. Izikhwama zempesheni zenzelwe ukuhlinzeka abasebenzi ngomthombo wemali lapho sebethatha umhlalaphansi, kanye nezinzuzo ezengeziwe njengezinzuzo zezempilo kanye nezinzuzo zokufa. Izikhwama zomhlalaphansi ziphinde zenzelwe ukusiza abasebenzi ukuthi balondolozele umhlalaphansi futhi bavikele impahla yabo uma sebethatha umhlalaphansi.

Umlando Wezikhwama Zempesheni

Izimali zempesheni zadalwa eFrance ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Izikhwama zokuqala zempesheni zaziphethwe yizinhlangano zikahulumeni futhi zazixhaswa ngeminikelo yabasebenzi nabaqashi. Izikhwama zempesheni zaklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka abasebenzi ngomthombo wemali lapho sebethatha umhlalaphansi, kanye nezinzuzo ezengeziwe njengezinzuzo zokugula kanye nezinzuzo zokufa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izikhwama zempesheni ziye zashintsha ukuze zifake izinhlelo zokulondoloza umhlalaphansi, izinhlelo zempesheni ezichaziwe, kanye nezinhlelo zempesheni ezichaziwe.

Sisebenza Kanjani Isikhwama Somhlalaphansi?

Izikhwama zempesheni ngokuvamile ziphathwa izinhlangano zikahulumeni noma izinkampani ezizimele. Iminikelo evela kubasebenzi kanye nabaqashi ifakwa esikhwameni sempesheni futhi isetshenziselwa ukuxhasa imihlomulo yomhlalaphansi. Iminikelo ngokuvamile ikhokhwa njalo ngenyanga noma ngekota. Iminikelo ibe isitshalwa ezimpahleni ezifana namasheya, amabhondi kanye nama-mutual funds. Izinzuzo ezitholakala kulokhu kutshalwa kwezimali zisetshenziselwa ukuxhasa izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi.

Izikhwama zempesheni zenzelwe ukuhlinzeka abasebenzi ngomthombo wemali lapho sebethatha umhlalaphansi, kanye nezinzuzo ezengeziwe njengezinzuzo zezempilo kanye nezinzuzo zokufa. Izikhwama zempesheni zingase futhi zinikeze izinzuzo ezifana nemalimboleko yomhlalaphansi, amaphrimiyamu omshwalense wempilo kanye nezinsizakalo zokutshala izimali. Izikhwama zempesheni zingase futhi zinikeze isiqondiso somhlalaphansi kanye nezinsizakalo zolwazi.

Izinhlobo Zezikhwama Zomhlalaphansi

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezikhwama zomhlalaphansi, okuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zenzuzo echaziwe (DBPs), izinhlelo zeminikelo echaziwe (DCPs) kanye nezinhlelo zokulondoloza umhlalaphansi. Izinhlelo zenzuzo echaziwe ngokuvamile zixhaswa ngeminikelo evela kubasebenzi nabaqashi futhi zenzelwe ukuhlinzeka abasebenzi ngomthombo wemali engenayo lapho bethatha umhlalaphansi. Izinhlelo ezichaziwe zeminikelo zixhaswa ngeminikelo evela kubasebenzi nabaqashi futhi zenzelwe ukusiza abasebenzi bongele umhlalaphansi. Izinhlelo zokulondoloza umhlalaphansi zenzelwe ukusiza abasebenzi ukuthi balondolozele umhlalaphansi futhi bavikele impahla yabo uma sebethatha umhlalaphansi.

Izinzuzo Zezikhwama Zomhlalaphansi

Izikhwama zempesheni zinikeza abasebenzi izinzuzo ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa:

• Umthombo wemali lapho usuthatha umhlalaphansi.
• Izinzuzo ezengeziwe njengezinzuzo zokugula kanye nezinzuzo zokufa.
• Imali mboleko yomhlalaphansi, amaphrimiyamu omshwalense wempilo kanye nezinsizakalo zokutshala imali.
• Isiqondiso sokuthatha umhlalaphansi kanye nezinsizakalo zolwazi.

Izikhwama zempesheni zingasiza futhi abasebenzi ukuthi balondolozele imali yomhlalaphansi futhi bavikele impahla yabo uma sebethatha umhlalaphansi. Izikhwama zempesheni nazo zinganikeza abasebenzi isivikelo ekukhuphukeni kwamandla emali kanye nobungozi bokulahlekelwa yimali.

Isiphetho

Isikhwama sempesheni wuhlelo lomhlalaphansi oluvumela abasebenzi ukuthi bathole izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi ekupheleni komsebenzi wabo. Izikhwama zempesheni zivame ukuphathwa yizinhlangano zikahulumeni noma izinkampani ezizimele futhi zixhaswa ngeminikelo evela kubasebenzi nabaqashi. Izikhwama zempesheni zenzelwe ukuhlinzeka abasebenzi ngomthombo wemali lapho sebethatha umhlalaphansi, kanye nezinzuzo ezengeziwe njengezinzuzo zezempilo kanye nezinzuzo zokufa. Izikhwama zempesheni zingase futhi zinikeze abasebenzi imali ebolekiwe yomhlalaphansi, amaphrimiyamu omshwalense wempilo kanye nezinsizakalo zokutshala imali. Izikhwama zempesheni zingasiza futhi abasebenzi ukuthi balondolozele imali yomhlalaphansi futhi bavikele impahla yabo uma sebethatha umhlalaphansi.

Izikhwama zempesheni zinikeza abasebenzi izinzuzo ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa umthombo wemali engenayo lapho bethatha umhlalaphansi, izinzuzo ezengeziwe njengezinzuzo zokugula kanye nezinzuzo zokufa, kanye nemalimboleko yomhlalaphansi, amaphrimiyamu omshwalense wokuphila kanye nezinsizakalo zokutshala izimali. Izikhwama zempesheni zingasiza futhi abasebenzi ukuthi balondolozele imali yomhlalaphansi futhi bavikele impahla yabo uma sebethatha umhlalaphansi. Izikhwama zempesheni nazo zinganikeza abasebenzi isivikelo ekukhuphukeni kwamandla emali kanye nobungozi bokulahlekelwa yimali.

Sengiphetha, izikhwama zempesheni ziwuhlelo lomhlalaphansi oluvumela abasebenzi ukuthi bathole izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi ekupheleni komsebenzi wabo. Izikhwama zempesheni zinikeza abasebenzi izinzuzo ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa umthombo wemali engenayo lapho bethatha umhlalaphansi, izinzuzo ezengeziwe njengezinzuzo zokugula kanye nezinzuzo zokufa, kanye nemalimboleko yomhlalaphansi, amaphrimiyamu omshwalense wokuphila kanye nezinsizakalo zokutshala izimali. Izikhwama zempesheni zingasiza futhi abasebenzi ukuthi balondolozele imali yomhlalaphansi futhi bavikele impahla yabo uma sebethatha umhlalaphansi.