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Okuqukethwe
- Ilayisensi yasebhange eSingapore: Ungayithola kanjani?
- Liyini Ilayisense Yebhange eSingapore?
- Izinhlobo zamalayisense eBhange eSingapore
- Ilayisensi Yebhange Eligcwele
- Ilayisense Yebhange Elikhawulelwe
- Izidingo Zokuthola Ilayisensi Yebhange eSingapore
- Izidingo Zokubusa
- Izidingo Zokuxhaswa Ngezimali
- Izidingo Zokuthobela Umthetho
- Inqubo Yokuthola Ilayisensi Yebhange eSingapore
- Isinyathelo 1: Isicelo Selayisensi
- Isinyathelo sesi-2: Ukuhlolwa kohlelo lokusebenza
- Isinyathelo sesi-3: Ukuhlolwa kokuqala
- Isinyathelo sesi-4: Ukubukeza Okuphelele
- Isinyathelo sesi-5: Isinqumo se-SAM
- Izibonelo Zamalayisense Ebhange e-Singapore
- I-DBS Bank
- I-United Overseas Bank
- I-Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation
Ilayisensi yasebhange eSingapore: Ungayithola kanjani?
I-Singapore iyisikhungo sezezimali esihamba phambili e-Asia, esihlinzeka ngamathuba ebhizinisi nokutshala izimali kumabhizinisi emhlabeni jikelele. Ezinkampanini ezifisa ukwenza ibhange eSingapore, ukuthola ilayisense yasebhange kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka izidingo nezinqubo zokuthola ilayisense yasebhange eSingapore.
Liyini Ilayisense Yebhange eSingapore?
Ilayisensi yasebhange e-Singapore isigunyazo esisemthethweni esinikezwe i-Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) enkampanini ukuthi iqhube ibhizinisi lamabhange ezweni. Imisebenzi yasebhange ihlanganisa ukuqoqa amadiphozithi, ukunikeza imali mboleko, ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokukhokha nezinye izinsizakalo zezezimali.
Izinkampani ezifisa ukwenza ibhange eSingapore kumele zithole ilayisense yasebhange kwa-MAS. I-MAS ingumlawuli wezezimali wase-Singapore futhi inomthwalo wemfanelo wokwengamela nokulawula izikhungo zezimali zezwe.
Izinhlobo zamalayisense eBhange eSingapore
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamalayisensi asebhange e-Singapore:
- Ilayisensi Yebhange Eligcwele
- Ilayisense Yebhange Elikhawulelwe
Ilayisensi Yebhange Eligcwele
Ilayisensi yasebhange egcwele ivumela ibhizinisi ukuthi lizibandakanye kuyo yonke imisebenzi yasebhange evunyelwe eSingapore, okuhlanganisa ukuthatha amadiphozithi kanye nokwenza imalimboleko. Izinkampani ezifisa ukuthola ilayisensi yasebhange egcwele kumele zihlangabezane nezidingo eziqinile zezimali kanye nokubusa.
Ilayisense Yebhange Elikhawulelwe
Ilayisense yasebhange enemikhawulo ivumela ibhizinisi ukuthi lihlanganyele emisebenzini ethile yasebhange, njengokuhlinzeka ngamasevisi okukhokha noma ukuphatha izimali. Izinkampani ezifisa ukuthola ilayisense yasebhange enemikhawulo kufanele nazo zihlangabezane nezimfuneko eziqinile zezezimali nezokuphatha, kodwa lezi zidingo aziqinile kakhulu kunalezo zelayisensi yasebhange egcwele.
Izidingo Zokuthola Ilayisensi Yebhange eSingapore
Ukuthola ilayisense yasebhange e-Singapore, izinkampani kufanele zihlangabezane nezidingo eziqinile zokubusa, ukwenza imali kanye nezidingo zokuthobela imithetho. Nazi izimfuneko eziyinhloko zokuthola ilayisensi yasebhange eSingapore:
Izidingo Zokubusa
Izinkampani ezifisa ukuthola ilayisense yasebhange eSingapore kumele zibe nesakhiwo sokubusa esiqinile nesisebenzayo. Lokhu kubandakanya Ibhodi Labaqondisi abanekhono nabanolwazi, kanye nethimba labaphathi elinekhono nelinolwazi.
Izinkampani kufanele futhi zibe nezinqubomgomo nezinqubo ezicacile zokulawulwa kobungozi, ukuthobela imithetho, kanye nokulwa nokushushumbiswa kwemali kanye nokuxhasa ngezimali okulwa namaphekula.
Izidingo Zokuxhaswa Ngezimali
Izinkampani ezifisa ukuthola ilayisense yasebhange e-Singapore kufanele zibe nemali encane engu-S$1,5 billion (cishe amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1,1) ukuze uthole ilayisensi yasebhange ephelele kanye no-S$100 wezigidi (cishe amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-74 zamaRandi) ukuze uthole ilayisense yasebhange ekhawulelwe.
Izinkampani kufanele futhi zibe nezilinganiso ezanele zemali ukuze ziqinisekise ukukhokhelwa kwazo kanye nekhono lazo lokubhekana nezingozi zezezimali.
Izidingo Zokuthobela Umthetho
Amabhizinisi afuna ilayisense yasebhange e-Singapore kufanele athobele yonke imithetho neziqondiso ezisebenzayo zezinsizakalo zezezimali. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthobela izindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe zokulwa nokushushumbiswa kwemali kanye namazinga okuxhasa ngezimali okulwa namaphekula, kanye nokuhambisana namazinga okuvikela abathengi.
Inqubo Yokuthola Ilayisensi Yebhange eSingapore
Inqubo yokuthola ilayisensi yasebhange eSingapore iqinile futhi ingathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa noma iminyaka. Nazi izinyathelo eziyinhloko kule nqubo:
Isinyathelo 1: Isicelo Selayisensi
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuthola ilayisensi yasebhange eSingapore ukuhambisa isicelo kwa-MAS. Isicelo kufanele sifake imininingwane enemininingwane mayelana nenkampani, okuhlanganisa nesakhiwo sayo sokuphatha, imisebenzi ehlongozwayo kanye nezinhlelo zezezimali.
Izinkampani kufanele futhi zinikeze ulwazi mayelana nolwazi lwazo kanye nobuchule ezinsizeni zezezimali, kanye nekhono lazo lokuthobela izimfuneko zokulawula zaseSingapore.
Isinyathelo sesi-2: Ukuhlolwa kohlelo lokusebenza
Uma isicelo sesithunyelwe, i-MAS yenza ukuhlola okuphelele kwenkampani nemisebenzi yayo ehlongozwayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwesakhiwo sokuphatha senkampani, izinhlelo zayo zezimali kanye nekhono layo lokuthobela izimfuneko zokulawula zaseSingapore.
I-MAS ingakwazi futhi ukwenza ukuthobela imithetho kanye nokulwa nokushushumbiswa kwemali kanye nokucwaninga ngezimali okulwa namaphekula.
Isinyathelo sesi-3: Ukuhlolwa kokuqala
Uma i-MAS ithola ukuthi ibhizinisi lihlangabezana nezidingo zokuthola ilayisense yasebhange e-Singapore, yenza ukubuyekezwa kokuqala kwesicelo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwesakhiwo sokuphatha senkampani, izinhlelo zayo zezimali kanye nekhono layo lokuthobela izimfuneko zokulawula zaseSingapore.
I-MAS ingakwazi futhi ukwenza ukuthobela imithetho kanye nokulwa nokushushumbiswa kwemali kanye nokucwaninga ngezimali okulwa namaphekula.
Isinyathelo sesi-4: Ukubukeza Okuphelele
Uma ukuhlolwa kokuqala kuphumelela, i-MAS ihlola ngokugcwele isicelo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola okunemininingwane eminingi yesakhiwo sokubusa senkampani, izinhlelo zayo zezimali kanye nekhono layo lokuthobela izimfuneko zokulawula zaseSingapore.
I-MAS ingakwazi futhi ukwenza ukuthobela imithetho kanye nokulwa nokushushumbiswa kwemali kanye nokucwaninga ngezimali okulwa namaphekula.
Isinyathelo sesi-5: Isinqumo se-SAM
Uma ukubuyekezwa okuphelele sekuqediwe, i-MAS yenza isinqumo sokuthi inikeze ilayisensi yasebhange. Uma isicelo sivunyiwe, ibhizinisi kufanele likhokhe imali yelayisensi futhi lihambisane nazo zonke izidingo zokulawula zaseSingapore.
Izibonelo Zamalayisense Ebhange e-Singapore
Nazi ezinye izibonelo zezinkampani ezithole ilayisense yasebhange eSingapore:
I-DBS Bank
I-DBS Bank iyibhange elikhulu kunawo wonke eSingapore futhi yasungulwa ngo-1968. Ibhange lathola ilayisensi yebhange eligcwele ngo-1999 futhi lisohlwini lweSingapore Stock Exchange.
I-United Overseas Bank
I-United Overseas Bank iyibhange lesithathu ngobukhulu eSingapore futhi lasungulwa ngo-1935. Ibhange lathola ilayisensi yebhange eligcwele ngo-1981 futhi lisohlwini lweSingapore Stock Exchange.
I-Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation
I-Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation iyibhange lesibili ngobukhulu eSingapore futhi yasungulwa ngo-1932. Ibhange lathola ilayisense ephelele yasebhange ngo-198.
