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Ithini imakethe yamasheya?
Imakethe yamasheya iyimakethe yezezimali lapho abatshalizimali nabahwebi bengathenga futhi badayise izibambiso zezimali ezifana namasheya, amabhondi kanye nokuphuma kokunye. Imakethe yamasheya iyindlela yokuthi amabhizinisi kanye nohulumeni bakhulise imali ngokukhipha izibambiso zezimali. Abatshalizimali nabahwebi bangabese bethenga lezi zibambiso ukuze bathole ingxenye yenzuzo yenkampani noma kahulumeni. Imakethe yamasheya iyimakethe enamandla kakhulu futhi eguquguqukayo, okwenza kube indawo ethakazelisayo kakhulu kubatshalizimali nabahwebi.
Umlando We-Stock Exchange
I-stock exchange yasungulwa ngo-1602 e-Amsterdam, eNetherlands. Ngaleso sikhathi wayaziwa ngokuthi "Beurs van Hendrick de Keyser". I-stock exchange yasungulwa ukuze kube lula ukuhweba ngamasheya ezinkampani zemikhumbi zase-Dutch. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, imakethe yamasheya iye yanda kweminye imikhakha futhi yamukelwa ngamanye amazwe. Namuhla, kukhona ukuhwebelana ngamasheya emhlabeni wonke, okuhlanganisa iNew York Stock Exchange, iTokyo Stock Exchange, neLondon Stock Exchange.
Isebenza kanjani imakethe yamasheya?
Imakethe yamasheya iyimakethe lapho abatshalizimali nabahwebi bengathenga futhi badayise izibambiso zezimali. Izibambiso zezimali zingase zibe izitoko, amabhondi, okuphuma kokunye noma amanye amathuluzi ezezimali. Abatshalizimali nabahwebi bangathenga lezi zibambiso ngentengo eyodwa futhi kamuva bazithengise ngenye intengo. Umehluko phakathi kwenani lokuthenga nentengo yokuthengisa inzuzo noma ukulahlekelwa okwenziwa umtshali-zimali noma umthengisi.
Imakethe yamasheya iphethwe yinhlangano ebizwa ngokuthi “imakethe yamasheya”. I-exchange iqapha imakethe futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthengiselana kwenziwa ngokuphephile nangokuhambisana nemithetho nemithethonqubo esebenzayo. I-exchange iphinde inikeze ulwazi ngezintengo zokuphepha kanye namavolumu okuhweba.
Izinhlobo zezibambiso zezimali
Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezibambiso zezezimali ezingathengiswa ngokuhwebelana ngamasheya. Okuvame kakhulu amasheya, amabhondi kanye nama-derivatives.
- Izenzo : Amasheya yizibambiso ezinikeza abatshalizimali ingxenye yenzuzo nempahla yenkampani. Abatshalizimali bangathenga amasheya enkampani ukuze bathole ingxenye yenzuzo nempahla yenkampani.
- Izibopho : Amabhondi ayizibambiso ezinikeza abatshalizimali ilungelo lokuthola izinkokhelo ezivamile zenzalo kanye nokukhokhwa kothishanhloko ekupheleni kwesikhathi. Amabhondi akhishwa izinkampani noma ohulumeni ukukhulisa imali.
- Imikhiqizo esuselwe: Okuphuma kokunye kungamathuluzi ezezimali asekelwe kwenye impahla, njengesitoko noma ibhondi. Okuphuma kokunye kungasetshenziswa ukubiyela ubungozi noma ukuqagela ngentengo yempahla eyisisekelo.
Ungatshala kanjani imali emakethe yamasheya?
Ukutshala imali emakethe yamasheya, kufanele uqale uvule i-akhawunti nomthengisi noma ibhange eliku-inthanethi. Uma usuvule i-akhawunti, ungakwazi ukuthenga futhi udayise izibambiso zezimali emakethe yamasheya. Ungaphinda usebenzise okuphuma kokunye ukuze uvikele ubungozi noma uqagele ngentengo yempahla eyisisekelo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi imakethe yamasheya iyimakethe eguquguqukayo futhi eyingozi. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo olunzulu ngaphambi kokutshala imali futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa ubungozi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlukanisa iphothifoliyo yakho futhi uqaphe izimakethe ukuze uhlale unolwazi ngamathrendi akamuva.
Isiphetho
Imakethe yamasheya iyimakethe yezezimali enamandla kakhulu futhi eguquguqukayo lapho abatshalizimali nabahwebi bengathenga futhi badayise izibambiso zezimali ezifana namasheya, amabhondi kanye nokuphuma kokunye. Imakethe yamasheya iyindlela yokuthi amabhizinisi kanye nohulumeni bakhulise imali ngokukhipha izibambiso zezimali. Ukutshala imali emakethe yamasheya, kufanele uqale uvule i-akhawunti nomthengisi noma ibhange eliku-inthanethi. Kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo olunzulu ngaphambi kokutshala imali futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa ubungozi. Imakethe yamasheya ingaba yindlela enenzuzo enkulu kubatshalizimali nabahwebi abazinika isikhathi sokuqonda imakethe futhi benze izinqumo ezifanele.
